Your Guide to Sunscreen

By now, most of us are aware of the role of sunscreen in our daily skincare routine. Not only does it protect the skin against cellular damage, skin cancers and other changes, but it also helps prevent pigmentation, wrinkles and other signs of photo-ageing.

However, choosing the right product is where things can get a bit confusing. With so many terms and types, how do you know which is right for you? Today we will be breaking down SPF terminology and formulations so you can make an informed choice for your skin needs.

SPF EXPLAINED

SPF stands for Sun Protection Factor. The number tells you how long the sun’s UVB rays would take to redden your skin if you apply the sunscreen exactly as directed compared with the amount of time without sunscreen. So, if you use an SPF 30 product properly, it would take you 30 times longer to burn than if you used no sunscreen.

We generally recommend choosing 30+ for daily use. While some products, such as makeup and moisturisers, contain SPF15, this is best used as secondary protection as it doesn’t offer adequate defence for most skin types. For summer days in the sun, SPF50+ is always preferred.

WHAT IS BROAD-SPECTRUM?

Broad-spectrum offers protection against the most common UV rays: UVA and UVB.

UVA = ageing rays (causes cellular damage, may not be visible right away)⁠

UVB = burning rays (causes the more visible, immediate signs of sun damage)⁠

In the past, the damage of the UVA rays was not as well understood as they did not provide immediately visible damage. Whilst they may not cause the skin to redden and burn, it is now known their lasting effect is just as damaging, causing cellular damage and premature ageing.

Always look for broad-spectrum on the label to ensure you are adequately protecting your skin.

THE FORMULATIONS

All sunscreens include ingredients that help prevent the sun’s UV radiation from reaching your skin and causing damage. There are two main types that work in different ways.

Physical (mineral) sunscreens contain ingredients such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. They act as a shield and provide a physical barrier against UV rays.

Chemical sunscreen contains ingredients like avobenzone and octisalate. They act as a sponge, absorbing the rays and converting them to heat to prevent damage.

In terms of protection, both formulations provide equal defence against UV rays. It just comes down to personal preference. As a guide, physical sunscreens can be better for sensitive skin as they include more natural ingredients that are less likely to irritate the skin. The addition of zinc can even help minimise inflammation.

However, those with normal skin may prefer chemical sunscreens. These products are generally more lightweight and are easily absorbed into the skin without leaving a white cast.

At TAE, we offer a range of formations, allowing everyone to find their preferred product!